选自 The Guardian Weekly 卫报

Switch off and tune in
The school that banned phones
Teachers claim that smartphones make their lives a living hell – so one US school decided to act
关掉并融入
禁止使用手机的学校
老师们声称智能手机让他们的生活变成了人间地狱——因此一所美国学校决定采取行动
switch off
关闭：指将开关或按钮从打开状态转为关闭状态。
关闭（电器）：指将电器或设备从工作状态转为停止状态。
不再关注，不再理会：指停止关注或理会某人或某事。
tune in
收听，收看：指收听或收看广播节目或电视节目。
关注，注意：指关注或注意某事物或某人。
适应，融入：指适应或融入某个环境或情境。

When the weather is nice, the Buxton boarding school moves lunch outside. Students, faculty and guests grab their food from the kitchen, and eat together under a white tent that overlooks western Massachusetts’ Berkshire mountains.
天气好的时候，巴克斯顿寄宿学校会把午餐搬到外面。学生、教职员工和客人从厨房里抓起食物，在俯瞰马萨诸塞州西部伯克郡山脉的白色帐篷下一起用餐。

As the close of the school year neared last June, talk turned to final assignments . It was, in most ways, a typical teenage afternoon – except that no one was on their phones.
去年6月，随着学年临近结束，话题转向了期末作业。在大多数情况下，这是一个典型的青少年下午——除了没有人在玩手机。

Buxton was wrapping up the first year of a simple yet novel experiment: banning  mobile phones on campus. Or, rather, smartphones.
巴克斯顿正在完成一项简单而新颖的实验的第一年：禁止在校园内使用手机。或者，更确切地说，是智能手机。
wrap up
总结，概括：将事物或信息归纳、总结起来。
结束，完成：将事情或活动圆满地结束。

Instead, the school gave everyone on campus – including staff  – a Light Phone , that is, a “dumb” phone with limited functionality. The devices can make calls, send texts (slowly) and can’t load modern applications; instead coming with deliberately cumbersome versions of music and mapping apps. They are about the size of a deck of cards, with black and white screens. As one student put it: “ It’s like the demon baby of an iPad and a Kindle.”
相反，学校给校园里的每个人——包括工作人员——一部轻型手机，也就是一部功能有限的“傻瓜”手机。这些设备可以打电话、发短信（速度较慢），而且无法加载现代应用程序；取而代之的是刻意繁琐的音乐和地图应用程序版本。它们大约有一副卡片大小，有黑白屏幕。正如一位学生所说：“这就像iPad和Kindle的恶魔宝宝。”
dumb
adj. 哑的，不能说话的；一时说不出话的，不肯开口的；<非正式>愚蠢的；（计算机终端）简易的
v. 使通俗化；<文>使变哑，使沉默
cumbersome
adj. 笨重的；繁琐的，复杂的；（话语或措词）冗长的
deck 
n. 甲板，舱面；（船或公共汽车的）层；<美>一副牌；（屋后供休息的）木制平台
v. 装饰，打扮；<非正式>用力击倒；装甲板
demon
n. 魔鬼，恶魔；技艺出众的人，高手； 精力充沛的人，热情饱满的人；心魔，邪恶的事物；恶人；坏蛋，淘气鬼

Almost everyone agrees, however, that the school is better off with these devices. (And yes, that includes students.) There are fewer interruptions during class, more meaningful interactions around campus and less time is spent on screens.
然而，几乎所有人都同意，有了这些设备，学校会过得更好。（是的，这包括学生。）课堂上的干扰更少，校园里有更多有意义的互动，花在屏幕上的时间也更少。
interruption
n. 打断，插嘴；暂停；阻断物，中断期

“It’s a problem we’ve found a pretty good way to address,” Scott Hunter, who teaches English and music, said of smartphones. Bea Sas, a senior at Buxton, added: “I think people are a lot more social.”
“我们找到了一个很好的方法来解决这个问题，”教授英语和音乐的斯科特·亨特在谈到智能手机时说。巴克斯顿学院的大四学生贝亚·萨斯补充说:“我认为人们的社交更多了。”

For many teachers, their students’ phone use is exasperating. Educators across the US report waging a near-constant battle against phones. A survey of a school district in Virginia found that about a third of teachers were telling students to put away their mobile phones five to 10 times a class, and about 15% did so more than 20 times a class.
对许多老师来说，他们的学生使用手机是令人恼火的。据报道，美国各地的教育工作者几乎一直在与手机作斗争。一项针对弗吉尼亚州一个学区的调查发现，大约三分之一的教师每节课告诉学生收起手机5到10次，大约15%的老师每节课这样做20多次。
exasperating
adj. 使人恼怒的，惹人生气的
wage
n. 工资，报酬；（经济）工资总额；（喻）报应
v. 进行，发动（战争，运动）

When a middle school in Canada surveyed staff, 75% of respondents thought that mobile phones were negatively affecting their students’ physical and mental health. Nearly two thirds believed the devices were adversely affecting academic performances as well.
当加拿大一所中学对教职员工进行调查时，75%的受访者认为手机对学生的身心健康产生了负面影响。近三分之二的人认为这些设备也对学习成绩产生了不利影响。
respondent
n.（调查表、问卷调查的）答卷人，调查对象；<法律>（尤指上诉案或离婚案的）被告
adj. 处于被告地位的；（尤指对民意调查，问卷调查等）作回答的，应答的；（尤指对特定刺激的条件反射）有反应的，反射的
adversely
adv. 不利地，有害地

“It’s a big issue,” said Arnold Glass, a professor of psychology at Rutgers University who has researched the impact of mobile phones on student performance. “They lose anywhere between a half and whole letter grade if they are allowed to consult their phones in class.”
“这是一个大问题，”罗格斯大学心理学教授阿诺德·格拉斯说，他研究了手机对学生表现的影响。“如果允许他们在课堂上查阅手机，他们就会失去半个到一个字母的分数。”

Ian Trombulak, a guidance counsellor at Lamoille Union high school in northern Vermont, also faces a flood of mobile phones at his school. “I have kids who during the day get a Snapchat or text and it ruins their entire day,” he said. Another issue he’s seeing is that students use  mobile phones to coordinate mass trips to the bathroom so they can hang out during class. “It feels like it distracts from the learning that happens on the academic level.”
佛蒙特州北部拉莫维尔联合高中的指导顾问伊恩·特伦布拉克在他的学校也面临着手机泛滥的问题。“我有一些孩子，他们白天会收到Snapchat或短信，这会毁掉他们的一整天。”他说。他看到的另一个问题是，学生们使用手机来协调集体上厕所，这样他们就可以在课上出去闲逛了。“感觉这会分散了在学术层面的学习。”
counsellor
n. 顾问，辅导顾问；律师；<美>夏令营负责人；（使馆的）参赞
Snapchat
色拉布（照片分享平台）
coordinate
v. 协调，配合；使身体协调；（使颜色、款式、风格等）搭配，配套；给 （原子或分子）配位，与……形成共价键
n. 坐标；配套服装；同等级（或类别）的人（或事物）
adj. 地位相当的，同等重要的；（语法）并列的；（化学）配位的
distract
v. 使分心，使转移注意力；<古>使困惑，使迷惑

When I mentioned the Buxton experiment to Trombulak, he was intrigued. One thing it could address, he noted, was the argument from students that they need phones to communicate with their parents. And, he said, teenagers often adapt to new parameters relatively quickly.
当我向特伦布拉克提到巴克斯顿实验时，他很感兴趣。他指出，它可以解决的一件事是，学生们认为他们需要手机与父母沟通。而且，他说，青少年通常相对较快地适应新的变数。
intrigued
adj. 着迷的，感兴趣的
v. 引起……的兴趣；使迷惑；策划阴谋（intrigue 的过去式和过去分词）
parameter
n. 界限，范围；参数，变量；（统计）人口参数

He remembers a field trip with his students where, at the last minute, everyone learned that mobile phones wouldn’t be allowed. At first, the news was apocalyptic.
他记得和学生们的一次实地考察，在最后一刻，每个人都知道手机是不允许使用的。起初，这条消息就像世界末日。
apocalyptic
adj. 描述（历史）大动乱的；预示（未来）大灾变的；像世界末日的；严重的，灾难性的；（与）《圣经·启示录》（有关）的，像《圣经·启示录》中描述的；极其壮观的，极其浮夸的；最高潮的，最具决定性的（战争等）

“They were so upset. They didn’t know how to handle themselves. I was really nervous,” said Trombulak . But part way through the trip, the kids largely forgot about their phones. 
“他们很沮丧。他们不知道如何控制自己。我真的很紧张。”特伦布拉克说。但在旅行的中途，孩子们基本上忘记了他们的手机。
largely
adv. 很大程度上，主要地

To an extent, Buxton saw a similar progression through the stages of panic, grief and ultimately some level of acceptance. “When it was announced I practically had a breakdown,” said then senior Max Weeks. And while he’s still not a fan of what he says was a “unilateral” decision to switch to the Light Phone, he said, overall, the experience “hasn’t been as bad as I expected ”.
在某种程度上，巴克斯顿经历了恐慌、悲伤和最终某种程度的接受，也看到了类似的进展。“当它被宣布时，我几乎崩溃了，”当时的大四学生马克斯·威克斯说。虽然他仍然不喜欢他所说的改用轻型手机的“单方面”决定，但他说，总体而言，体验“并没有我预期的那么糟糕”。
progression
n. 发展，前进；一系列；（从一音或和弦进至另一音或和弦的）进行；占卜术
grief
n.（尤指因某人去世引起的）悲伤，悲痛；伤心事，悲痛事；<非正式>麻烦，烦恼
practically
adv. 几乎，差不多；实事求是地，实际地
breakdown
n.（汽车或机器的）故障，损坏；（关系的）破裂，（系统的）瘫痪；精神崩溃，（健康、体力等的）衰竭；细目，分类；分解；跺脚曳步舞
unilateral
adj. 单方的，单边的；单侧的，单面的；（父母）单系的；舌边音

It’s an open secret that students still sneak phones into their rooms on campus, with some testing the limits more than others. “People get pretty ballsy,” said Yamailla Marks, also a Buxton senior . Generally, though, it’s hard to spot a smartphone on campus.
在校园里学生们仍然把手机偷偷带进房间，这是一个公开的秘密，有些人比其他人更能试探极限。同样是巴克斯顿大学大四学生的亚米拉·马克斯说：“人们变得很有胆量。”。不过，一般来说，在校园里很难看到智能手机。
sneak
v. 偷偷地走，潜行；偷带，私运；<非正式>偷走（不重要的或小的东西）；偷偷地做（或获得）；<英>（尤作儿童用语）打小报告，告密
n.<英>打小报告的人，告状者（尤指儿童）；<非正式>鬼鬼祟祟的人；四分卫快速带球切入；<美，非正式>旅游鞋，软帮运动鞋；偷偷摸摸的行为
adj. 出其不意的，偷偷摸摸的
ballsy
adj. 有种的，有胆量的

That includes staff. The head of the school, Peter Beck, says he gave up his iPhone for a Light Phone and installed an old GPS system in his car for when he needs to go out into the world. He’s thrilled with how the first year has gone.
这包括工作人员。学校校长彼得·贝克说，他放弃了iPhone，换了一部轻型手机，并在车里安装了一个旧的GPS系统，以备需要外出时使用。他对第一年的进展感到兴奋。

It’s difficult to tell how the new phone policy is affecting academic performance because Buxton uses a narrative evaluation system. But culturally, Beck says, the move has been transformative, often in small but cumulatively meaningful ways.
很难说新的手机政策是如何影响学习成绩的，因为巴克斯顿使用的是叙述性的评估系统。但贝克说，从文化上讲，这一举措具有变革性，通常是以微小但有累积意义的方式进行的。
narrative
n. 记叙文，叙述；叙事技巧
adj. 叙述的；叙事体的
transformative
adj. 有改革能力的，起改造作用的
cumulatively
adv. 累积地；渐增地

“People are engaging in the lounges. They are lingering after class to chat,” said Beck . “All these face-to-face interactions, the frequency has gone through the roof.”
贝克说：“人们在休息室里活动。他们在下课后闲逛聊天。”。“所有这些面对面的互动，频率已经飙升。”
linger
v. 继续存留，缓慢消失；流连，逗留；持续看（或思考）；苟延残喘；消磨，缓慢度过

Another effect has been a surge of students signing up for the school’s photography class, which uses film cameras. Enrolment nearly tripled. While a popular new teacher may have been a factor, Light Phones also don’t have cameras.
另一个影响是，报名参加该校使用胶片相机的摄影班的学生激增。登记人数几乎增加了两倍。虽然受欢迎的新老师可能是一个因素，但轻型手机也没有摄像头。
surge
n. 激增，猛增；（风、水等的）奔涌，汹涌；（情感的）涌起，翻涌；（人群的）蜂拥；电流急冲，电涌；增兵，增援
v. 急剧上升，激增；（人群，自然力）汹涌，奔腾；（感情）涌起，涌现；（电压，电流）猛增，浪涌；（绳子，缆索，绞盘）突然松开，突然滑脱
photography
n. 摄影，摄影术；摄影影像，摄影图片
enrolment
n. 登记，注册，入学；登记人数，注册人数，入学人数
triple
adj. 三倍的，三重的；三部分的，三人的
v.（使）成为三倍，（使）增加两倍；三垒打，击出三垒打
n.（棒球中的）三垒打；三倍大的事物，由三部分组成的事物；三人赛（每边三人的体育比赛）（triples）；三个同类事物组成的一组，三个一组（如体育赛事中的三连胜）；（滑冰、体操中的）转体三周，连翻三圈

“It’s much more of a process to get photos now than with the phone,” said Marks, but she’s fallen “in love” with photography. Still, when she goes home for breaks, it’s back to her smartphone. Then she has to give it up again when she comes back to school. “It’s really funny how you adjust very quickly. Like subconsciously.”
“现在拍照比用手机要复杂得多。”马克斯说，但她已经“爱上”了摄影。尽管如此，当她回家休息时，还是会回到她的智能手机上。然后，当她回到学校时，她不得不再次放弃。“你调整得很快，真的很有趣。就像下意识的那样。”
subconsciously
adv. 潜意识地

Buxton isn’t alone in trying to curb the use of smartphones in schools. As of 2020, the National Center for Education Statistics reported more than three-quarters of schools in the US had moved to restrict the non-academic use of the devices. France  banned smartphone use in schools in 2018. But whether the private schools’ Light Phone approach could – or should – be applied to public schools wrestling with how to handle mobile phones is up for debate.
巴克斯顿并不是唯一一个试图限制学校使用智能手机的。截至2020年，美国国家教育统计中心报告称，美国超过四分之三的学校已采取行动，限制电子设备的非学术使用。2018年，法国禁止在学校使用智能手机。但是，私立学校的“轻型手机”方法是否可以——或者应该——应用于公立学校如何处理手机的问题，还有待商榷。
curb
v. 控制，抑制；勒住（马）
n. 控制，抑制；<美>路缘，马路牙子
wrestle with
全力对付；努力克服
up for debate
有待辩论：指一个问题或议题尚未达成共识，需要进行讨论和辩论来决定最终结论。

As a parent, Marks’s mother, Nina Marks, has been thrilled by the Buxton experiment. The school picked, and largely won, a fight that she hadn’t been able to with her daughter. But as a teacher, she’s hesitant.
作为父母，马克斯的母亲妮娜·马克斯对巴克斯顿的实验感到非常兴奋。学校选择了一场她无法与女儿进行的斗争，并在很大程度上赢得了胜利。但作为一名教师，她很犹豫。
hesitant
adj. 犹豫的，不愿的

“Children and adolescents have supercomputers in their pockets … It’s a constant battle to deal with,” she said . But, she added, having to police mobile phones has created friction with her students in the past and can single out students in problematic ways . She likes her current school’s policy, which is to let each teacher decide how to handle phones in their classrooms.
“儿童和青少年口袋里都有超级计算机……这是一场持久战，”她说。但是，她补充道，过去不得不监管手机会与学生产生摩擦，并可能以有问题的方式单独对待学生。她喜欢目前学校的政策，即让每位老师决定如何在教室里使用手机。
single out
挑选出，单独对待：以与其他人或事物不同的方式对待或谈论（某人或某事物）。
特别对待，特别提及：以特殊的方式对待或提及（某人或某事物）。
problematic
adj. 成问题的，有困难的；未确定的
n. 成问题之事

Marks isn’t alone . A  staff survey at a school district in Illinois found that 70% of the 295 respondents thought students should be allowed to have their phones at school. “We aren’t teaching them accountability and responsibility by storing it for the day,” one commented.
马克斯并非个例。伊利诺伊州一个学区的工作人员调查发现，295名受访者中，70%的人认为应该允许学生在学校使用手机。有人评论说：“我们并没有通过把它储存起来来教会他们责任心和责任感。”。
respondent
n.（调查表、问卷调查的）答卷人，调查对象；<法律>（尤指上诉案或离婚案的）被告
adj. 处于被告地位的；（尤指对民意调查，问卷调查等）作回答的，应答的；（尤指对特定刺激的条件反射）有反应的，反射的
accountability
n. 责任，责任心，可说明性

Providing dumb phones could be part of the way forward, Marks admits, but she wonders if funds at already strapped public schools could be put to better use.  Nonetheless, Light Phone has seen interest from other private schools and school groups, intrigued by the Buxton model, as well as organisations such as churches.
马克斯承认，提供傻瓜手机可能是前进道路的一部分，但她想知道是否可以更好地利用已经捉襟见肘的公立学校的资金。尽管如此，轻型手机还是引起了其他私立学校和学校团体的兴趣，他们对巴克斯顿模式以及教堂等组织感兴趣。
strapped
adj. 缺钱的，手头拮据的
v. 用带子系（strap 的过去式和过去分词）
nonetheless
adv. 然而，尽管如此
intrigue
v. 激起……的兴趣，引发……的好奇心；密谋
n. 密谋策划，阴谋；秘密的恋情，秘密关系；神秘力量，神秘气氛

The company bills itself as an antidote to smartphone overuse . “So many people got a smartphone and didn’t intend to wake up and check their email before they brush their teeth. But that’s what started happening ,” said Joe Hollier, one of the founders.
该公司将自己标榜为智能手机过度使用的解药。创始人之一乔·霍利尔说：“很多人都买了智能手机，不打算在刷牙前醒来查看电子邮件。但事情就是这样开始的。”。
antidote
n. 解毒药，解毒剂；矫正方法，对策
overuse
n. 过度使用
vt. 把……使用过度
founder
n. 铸造工，铸造厂业主（或厂长）；创立者，缔造者
v.（船）沉没；（事业，计划）失败，垮掉；绊倒，摔倒

Hollier was among the diners at Buxton. When the chatter waned, staff  and students started making daily announcements. Seniors should meet in the library to go over their graduation speeches. A reminder that prom was just a few days away, and a note that the biology class was changing locations.
霍利尔是巴克斯顿餐厅的食客之一。当聊天声减弱时，教职员工和学生开始每天发布公告。大四学生应该在图书馆集合，复习他们的毕业演讲。提醒我们离毕业舞会只有几天的时间了，并注意到生物课正在改变地点。
diner
n. 进餐者，食客；小餐馆，小饭店；（火车上的）餐车
wan
adj.（脸色或外表）苍白的；乏力的；（光线）暗淡的，微弱的；（微笑）淡淡集合的，不自然的；（诗、文）（大海）暗淡的
v.（使）变苍白；（使）呈病态
prom
n. <美>（美国高中生在学年末举行的）正式舞会

Then, over the speakers,  Can I  Call  You  Rose? by Thee Sacred Souls started to croon. And, on a walkway replete with flowers, a proposal to prom unfurled – they said yes. “The best promposal ever,” cheered one member of the crowd. Another added: “ That was soooo good.”
然后，扩音器里传来，我可以叫你罗斯吗？圣魂开始低吟。在一条鲜花盛开的走道上，一份舞会的邀请展开了——她们答应了。“这是有史以来最好的舞会，”一名观众欢呼道。另一位补充道：“这太棒了。”
croon
v. 低声歌唱；柔情地唱；对……低声唱
n. 低吟，低吟声；轻哼，轻哼声
replete
adj. 充满的；装满的
unfurl
vt. 展开；使……临风招展
vi. 展开；公开
promposal
n. <非正式>一种精心安排邀约对方参加毕业舞会的邀请方式

No one caught the moment on camera.
没有人在摄像机上捕捉到这一时刻。